Essay/Term paper: Ghana
Essay, term paper, research paper: Humanities
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The Gold Coast, now known as Ghana, is one of
many civilizations of Africa. It was a British Colony until
March 6, 1957, when it became independent as the State of
Ghana. In 1471, the Portuguese invaded this area and
became involved in gold trade, giving the region the name,
The Gold Coast. They built forts to protect their monopoly
of gold trade from merchants representing other nations. In
1642, the Dutch West India Company captured all
Portuguese strong posts and they devoted their interests in
slave trading rather than gold trading. In the Seventeenth and
Eighteenth Centuries, the Gold Coast was one of the chief
West African sources of slave export. At the beginning of
the Nineteenth Century the countries involved in slave
trading began abolishing it as illegal and immoral. The British
abolished it in 1807, the Danish is 1804 and the Dutch in
1814. In 1821, British forts were transferred from private
ownership to government control. The Gold Coast became a
British colony and the new government was known as the
British Colony of Sierra Leone. In 1850, there was
movement to establish a constitution. In 1851, an assembly
convened to establish a legislative body of 84 members, as a
result of mass rioting. In 1853, a Supreme Court was
established to maintain justice and to ensure that the citizens
would obey the laws of Britain. In 1895, municipal
governments were established for the larger towns of;
Accra, Cape Coast and Sekondi. In 1954, after many years
as a British Colony, the Gold Coast wrote a second
Constitution giving over the power of running the country to
native Africans, citizens of the region. The only exception
was External Accord, Defense and Police, which were still
primarily white government positions, representing white
people's interests. The Gold Coast's industry consisted of;
aluminum, oil refineries, gold refineries, vehicle assembly,
canneries, sugar production, cocoa processing, etc. The
region provided a wealth of natural resources for merchants
who cared to develop them. There were many important
leaders in Ghana. When a portion of Ghana was known as
Ashante, Ose Tutu was the founder of the Kingdom of
Ashante, in 1680. Kwame Nkramah was the first Prime
Minister and President of Ghana. J.B. Danquah was a
founder of and head figure of the United Gold Coast
Connection. After Nkramah became President of Ghana,
Danquah opposed his policies and was imprisoned for his
ideas. The first African member of the Legislative Council, in
the early part of this century, was J.E. Casely- Hayford. In
1969, Dr. Kofi A. Busia became Prime Minister, but a
military coup ousted him in 1972. In 1979, Dr. Hilla Limann,
a popular career diplomat from Northern Ghana, became
President. On March 6, 1957, when the Gold Coast
together with British Togo became an autonomous state,
within the Commonwealth, and became the independent
African Country of Ghana. It was named Ghana after the
ancient kingdom of Ghana, that lay along the Niger River.
On July 1, 1966, the name was changed to The Republic of
Ghana. The civilization of the Gold Coast is now the
Republic of Ghana.
